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Intestinal microbiota metabolism of l carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis Nature Medicine Full article: Gut microbes with the gbu genes determine TMAO production from L carnitine intake and serve as a biomarker for precision nutrition Butyrobetaine Is a Proatherogenic Intermediate in Gut Microbial Metabolism of L Carnitine to TMAO ScienceDirect Frontiers Effect of three oral pathogens on the TMA TMAO metabolic pathway Identification of TMAO producer phenotype and hostdietgut dysbiosis by carnitine challenge test in human and germ free mice Gut The gutbrain axis and trimethylamine N oxide: an emergent biomarker in neurological diseases ScienceDirect
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