A statistically significant increase in thyroid C-cell adenomas was observed in male rats (0.5 mg/kg) and female rats (0.15 mg/kg), and a statistically significant increase in thyroid C-cell adenomas and carcinomas combined was observed in male and female rats at all doses examined
Other groups who may benefit include: Patients following gastric surgery (gastrectomy, bariatric procedures) where intrinsic factor production or absorption sites are compromised Individuals with malabsorption disorders such as Crohn's disease, coeliac disease, or chronic pancreatitis Strict vegans and vegetarians with dietary insufficiency, though oral supplementation is usually tried first Elderly patients with atrophic gastritis or reduced gastric acid production Patients on long-term metformin or proton pump inhibitors, which can impair B12 absorption Individuals with nitrous oxide exposure (recreational or medical), which can cause functional B12 deficiency Diagnosis typically involves serum B12 measurement, with levels below approximately 148 pmol/L (though thresholds vary between laboratories) generally indicating deficiency
Like the single use
It helps maintain the myelin sheath, the protective coating that surrounds your nerves
Vitamin B12 is often recommended for individuals with documented deficiency or symptoms associated with low levels
Anti-CD47 antibodies promote phagocytosis and inhibit the growth of human myeloma cells
